Wells Fargo Bank Online Customer Service

Wells Fargo checking accountsWells Fargo has five different options for personal checking accounts — Everyday, Preferred, Portfolio, Teen and Opportunity. Businesses can select from Simple, Choice Platinum and Analyzed checking accounts. Most personal and business checking accounts require a $25 deposit to open.Wells Fargo savings accounts and CDsWells Fargo offers two savings account options, Way2Save and Platinum Savings.

Wells Fargo also offers CDs, which require at least a $2,500 minimum opening deposit. CDs are available at fixed rates and step rates.Wells Fargo loansWells Fargo offers multiple loan types, including student loans, auto loans and mortgage loans to help you buy, refinance or renovate a home. The bank offers low-APR personal loans and lines of credit ranging from $3,000 to $100,000. Wells Fargo also provides loans and lines of credit for businesses.Wells Fargo credit cardsWells Fargo has several credit card options.

Almost all Wells Fargo cards have a cash back or reward program, and a few have no annual fee.Wells Fargo retirement servicesWells Fargo offers traditional and Roth IRAs. You can also invest in mutual funds and manage your portfolio yourself or with the help of a Wells Fargo investment professional. The WellsTrade Mutual Fund Screened Listed makes investing simple by pre-screening mutual funds.

Wells Fargo Advisors, a full-service brokerage, is available to customers to help with investment planning. Mobile payments are available for Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay. Wells Fargo benefits for business owners also include Clover point-of-sale systems customized fit your business needs. Wells Fargo's monthly service fees for checking accounts range from $0 to $30, though service fees are waived for teenagers and college students between 17 to 24 years old.

Monthly service fees for business checking accounts range from $10 to $40. The bank charges a $5 or $12 monthly fee on savings accounts. Wells Fargo's checking account fees can be avoided by maintaining a specific average balance or completing a minimum number of transactions each month. Also, expect fees for late credit card payments and overdraft charges unless your checking and savings accounts are linked.

Enrollment with Zelle® through Wells Fargo Online® or Wells Fargo Business Online® is required. U.S. checking or savings account required to use Zelle®. Transactions between enrolled users typically occur in minutes. For your protection, Zelle® should only be used for sending money to friends, family, or others you trust. Neither Wells Fargo nor Zelle® offers a protection program for authorized payments made with Zelle®.

The Request feature within Zelle® is only available through Wells Fargo using a smartphone. In order to send payment requests to a U.S. mobile number, the mobile number must already be enrolled with Zelle®. To send or receive money with a small business, both parties must be enrolled with Zelle® directly through their financial institution's online or mobile banking experience. For more information, view the Zelle® Transfer Service Addendum to the Wells Fargo Online Access Agreement. Your mobile carrier's message and data rates may apply.

I recently had to open a business account as the Wells Fargo Branch that I use stopped taking my deposits on my account that had been open since 2006. Therefore my business had good positive cash flow as needed. Well now I am in some cases depending on how things fall out looking at 10 days roughly before I see a deposit cleared for use in my account.

This has now placed my entire business into a negative cash flow operation and is costing me dearly in fees from creditors needing to be paid with the funds that are in deposit hold. You have access to funds from a my deposit days before it gets credited to me and could be using it to make investments for the bank during this time. What a way to have free money to place short term investments using money you don't even allow your customer to have which they entrusted with the keeping of the money deposited. Anyway not sure why the customer gets left holding the bills for what banks are doing with deposits. I am shopping for a local bank that can provide me with more personal services and is willing to work with their local customers whom actually care about their small communities. I guess I should have known that a national bank chain in a small town was a mistake.

I deposited a check on January 24th for 2500 from my husbands usaa account to pay bills. When I deposited it they said the funds would be available on the 25th of January. When I called on the 25th the funds were not in my account and the person I spoke to said that it was because the funds were not in the usaa account. My husband showed me the account and the funds were removed so I called wells fargo back again and this time they told me because of repeated overdrafts on my account in the past 6 months they are holding the money until FEB 4th. I have bills that need to be paid and they come out of my account automatically every month which is why I deposited the check to begin with. They told me there was nothing they could do over the phone and I would have to go in person to the branch where I deposited the check.

So I just went to the branch and told them and they are now saying because I deposited the check in the atm there is nothing they can do. I've been told multiple different things in the past few days and all i'm trying to do is avoid more overdraft fees and pay my bills that NEED to be paid and no one can help me. I've been a customer since 2005 and now all I want to do is close my account. Bills come out of my account automatically every month. I've paid all the overdraft fees and never complained but all this is doing is putting me in the hole again. Not to mention the female that is spoke with at the branch was extremely rude to me.

Can they makes the funds available any way so that my bills can be paid that are coming out this week? They are penalizing me for the previous overdraft fees but all they are doing is causing me to have more. Wells Fargo provides banking, investment and mortgage services as well as commercial and consumer financing at 7,600 locations in 32 countries and territories around the globe. Wells Fargo mobile banking gives customers the ability to link their checking, savings, credit card and investment accounts all in one place. Customers can also deposit checks from their phones with the Wells Fargo app.

When you provide a phone number to us, you agree that you own or are authorized to provide the telephone number to us. To help protect your account security, Wells Fargo does not support SMS or MMS functionality for recognized VoIP, prepaid or landline phone numbers. In order to receive text messages from Wells Fargo, such as one-time passcodes or suspicious activity alerts, an eligible phone number and mobile device are required. Your mobile carrier's message and data rates may apply.

A Funding Account may not be used to pay any part of the balance you owe on that Funding Account. Eligible Accounts that require two or more signatures or authorizations to withdraw or transfer funds may not be used as a Funding Account. A Funding Account must remain linked to the Service in order to use the Funding Account for current, future and automatic Bill Pay payments. If you choose to link your account to your Wells Fargo checking account for Overdraft Protection, please note the following. Depending on your account terms, an Overdraft Protection Advance Fee may be charged to your account each day an Overdraft Protection Advance is made, and interest will accrue from the date each advance is made.

Your credit card must be activated; if it is not activated, no money will transfer to cover the overdraft. Once your credit card has been activated, please allow up to 3 business days for your Overdraft Protection service to be fully enabled. Refer to the Consumer Credit Card Customer Agreement and Disclosure Statement for details. There may be other options available to protect against overdraft that may be less costly. For additional information on Overdraft Protection using your credit card, please visit /credit-cards/features/overdraft-protection. For details on other options, please visit /checking/overdraft-services/.

Wells Fargo closed out my credit card because they believed someone was using my card # to make purchases. So they closed that card # and opened a new card for me transfering the balance over to he new account. The only problem was they did not transfer the payment that I pre-schedule to pay balance. After being on the phone for 45 minutes I final talk to a supervisor who told me that they were going to take care of it .

A couple of days later I called customer service(dis-service) again. Note that these liability rules are established by Regulation E, which implements the federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act and do not apply to business accounts. Our account agreements regarding unauthorized debit card, ATM Card, Wells Fargo EasyPay®, and consumer and business credit card transactions may give you more protection, provided you report the transactions promptly. Please see the agreement you received with your ATM, debit card, Wells Fargo EasyPay, or consumer and business credit cards, and the Eligible Account agreement. Wells Fargo check cashing feeYou only have to pay a Wells Fargo Bank fee to cash a check if you don't have an account.

Outside of the U.S., ATM cash withdrawals are $5 each and ATM accounts transfers are $2 per transfer.Wells Fargo cash advance feeWells Fargo's cash advance fees are up to $12.50 per transaction. Wells Fargo may automatically send you certain alert messages via email, text message, push notification, and/or by other means, including to your mobile device. These messages may include notifications about potential fraud on your accounts, debit card or credit card, recent account activity, or changes to your online profile. You can opt not to receive push notifications by turning off push notifications on your Wells Fargo Mobile app.

If applicable on your account, these monthly fees are in addition to your monthly service fee. 2Enrollment with Zelle through Wells Fargo Online® is required. Transactions typically occur in minutes when the recipient's email address or U.S. mobile number is already enrolled with Zelle. Available to almost anyone with a U.S.-based bank account.

For your protection, Zelle should only be used for sending money to friends, family, or others you know and trust. Sending money with Zelle is similar to making a payment in cash. The Request feature within Zelle is only available through Wells Fargo using a smartphone. In order to send payment requests to a U.S. mobile number, the mobile number must already be enrolled with Zelle. For more information, view the Zelle® Transfer Service Addendum to Wells Fargo's Online Access Agreement.

I went into Wells Fargo Bank to make a deposit into my sister checking account. I told the teller that I needed to make a cash deposit to her acct. I had her full name, address and phone number if she could get the account # and deposit the funds? She told me she was not allowed to look up information on customers that I needed to give her the number. I asked for the manager and told her that since I am not on the acct. I have no acct#, The manager informed me that she could not accept cash deposits I thought this was a joke.

She said they could take a check or money order, but no cash due to money laundering. She said we have the rules no cash policy and we can make no exceptions. She refuse to take my $70.00 cash deposit which was legal money, but would take a check which could have bounced all over Colorado and the information could have been bogus. You are so scared of money laundering that you are scaring yourselves out of business. I worked in banking for 19 years and we had a limit set on how much cash deposits could be taken due to money laundering.

I think that manager could have made an executive decision she knew $70.00 was not money laundering. I informed my sister of the incident and made a suggestion that she should close her account with Wells Fargo Bank immediately. Please understand my anxiety and there are others who think the way I do especially you older generation who are the ones with the money. Turning off your card is not a replacement for reporting your card lost or stolen.

Contact us immediately if you believe that unauthorized transactions have been made. Turning your card off will not stop card transactions presented as recurring transactions or the posting of refunds, reversals, or credit adjustments to your account. Any digital card numbers linked to the card will also be turned off. For debit cards, turning off your card will not stop transactions using other cards linked to your deposit account. For credit cards, turning off your card will turn off all cards associated with your credit card account.

Availability may be affected by your mobile carrier's coverage area. Your mobile carrier's messaging and data rates may apply. Sign on to manage online account access information.

Eligible personal and business accounts include checking and savings, credit card, mortgage, home equity accounts, personal loans and lines of credit, commercial loans, business lines of credit, auto loans, student loans, brokerage, IRAs, and CDs . Enrollment in Wells Fargo Online® Wires is required, and terms and conditions apply. Applicable outgoing or incoming wire transfer service fees apply, unless waived by the terms of your account. Wells Fargo Online Wires are unavailable through a tablet device using the Wells Fargo Mobile® app.

To send a wire, sign on at wellsfargo.com via your tablet or desktop computer, or sign on to the Wells Fargo Mobile app using your smartphone. For more information, view the Wells Fargo Wire Transfers Terms and Conditions. Wells Fargo offers many options to handle your financial needs, including checking and savings accounts, credit cards, investments and loans. Compared to other banks, interest rates and fees are average. Overall, Wells Fargo's products and services are robust and allow you the convenience to bank however and wherever you like.

I had a checking account with large deposits during a certain time of year, the first 6 months of the year and my balance was over 3,000 monthly. I used my account mostly to pay monthly bills and ATM cash withdrawals. In July 2016 my account was overdrawn an I knew it should not have been and upon further inspection of my account there were several unauthorized charges made but my account was still not what I knew my balance should have been. In August I received a notice from a company that I did business with advising that my account information attached to my debit card was compromised and it went back for over a year before the company realized that customer info was breached.

Yes, Wells Fargo has 24/7 customer service available by phone and online.Is Wells Fargo a commercial bank? Yes, Wells Fargo provides commercial banking services and products for individuals and businesses.What states have Wells Fargo banks? Wells Fargo's dealer services provide indirect auto financing, commercial products and banking services to auto dealers.How old do you have to be to open a bank account at Wells Fargo? You can open a Wells Fargo account with a parent or guardian at 13 years old. You must be at least 18 years old to open an account on your own.

Wells Fargo offers a dedicated customer service center that is specifically for business banking customers. Customer service is available for general banking questions Monday–Saturday, 7 a.m. Customer service for online banking and bill pay is available 24 hours a day at a separate phone line. I contacted Randy Smith immediately and left him a detailed message of my concerns.

Should I Put Antibiotic Ointment On A Burn

Application of a topical antimicrobial agent to a burn wound is now a standard intervention that contributes to improved outcome following burn injury. However, the wide variety of available agents makes the choice of an appropriate agent quite challenging, especially in children with burns. Topical antimicrobial agents for the burn wound were developed in the 1950s and 1960s to deal with the problem of invasive infection of the burn wound. Invasive infection of the burn wound leading to sepsis and death was commonplace . Aside from the recognized threat of burn wound sepsis, burn wound infections also may lead to wound conversion, skin graft failure, and prolonged hospitalization.

The introduction of topical antimicrobial agents was a major advancement in burn care and proved to be responsible for important reductions in mortality from burn wound sepsis . Therefore, regardless of burn depth, topical antimicrobials are most importantly indicated when there is clinical suspicion of risk of infection, or when a wound infection is evident. Throughout most of history, serious burns occupying a large percentage of body surface area were an almost certain death sentence because of subsequent infection. However the relentless increase in microbial resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobials has led to a renewed search for alternative approaches to prevent and combat burn infections. This review will cover patented strategies that have been issued or filed with regard to new topical agents, preparations, and methods of combating burn infections. Animal models that are used in preclinical studies are discussed.

This active area of research will continue to provide new topical antimicrobials for burns that will battle against growing multi-drug resistance. In vitro, nanocrystalline silver dressings have shown antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, antibiotic-resistant organisms, as well as yeasts and fungi . This might be especially beneficial in the pediatric burn population. Similar findings of reduced hospitalization and cost by use of outpatient nanocrystalline silver dressings as opposed to inpatient SSD for pediatric patients with scald burns have been reported .

Similarly, there is conflicting evidence on whether silver-releasing dressings impede or promote re-epithelialization . For minor burns, soak the burn in cool water for at least 5 minutes. The cool water helps reduce swelling by pulling heat away from the burned skin. Treat the burn with a skin care product from your first aid kit that protects and heals skin.

This would include products such as aloe vera cream or an antibiotic ointment. You can wrap a dry gauze bandage loosely around the burn. This will protect the area and keep the air off of it. An over-the-counter pain reliever can help treat swelling, inflammation, and pain. The deep second-degree burn in a child poses a more difficult challenge.

The difficulty mainly arises from our imprecision in diagnosing this burn depth. However, If the burn is truly a deep partial-thickness wound, there is a higher risk of a burn wound infection and early excision and grafting is the recommended approach. In this case, there is less concern over inhibiting spontaneous healing, and the risk to benefit ratio of standard topical antimicrobials such as silver nitrate, SSD, and mafenide acetate is lower. One practical consideration in this scenario is that SSD and mafenide cream leave a pseudoeschar on the wound which makes ongoing assessment of the burn depth even more difficult. This problem could be avoided with the 5% mafenide acetate solution. Antiseptic solutions such as Dakin's or acetic acid may also be considered but are less conventional.

Nanocrystalline silver-releasing dressings such as Acticoat® may also be a useful option as they require less frequent changes and do not produce a pseudoeschar. Paradoxically, many of the topical antimicrobial agents currently in use also have cytotoxic effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts and have the potential to delay wound healing. Especially relevant to the pediatric burn patient are the antimicrobial agent's properties related to causing pain or irritation and the required frequency of application and dressings. This article will discuss the general principles surrounding the use of topical antimicrobials on burn wounds and will review the most common agents currently in use. This capability was originally harnessed to successfully counter the problem of invasive burn wound infection and fatal septicemia from gram-negative species, especially Pseudomonas . The agent was initially produced as an 11% cream, but is also available as a 5% aqueous solution.

The most common use of mafenide acetate is for deep or infected burns where penetration of the antibiotic into the eschar is advantageous. For the same reason, the cream is also used for deep burns of the ear to prevent invasive infection leading to suppurative chondritis of the ear cartilage . More recently, 5% and even 2.5% MA solution have been used in all phases of burn wound care including application to unexcised burns and as a postoperative irrigation on freshly applied skin grafts . A 0.5% silver nitrate solution has been used as a topical antimicrobial agent for burn wounds for over half a century .

Ionic silver dissociates from AgNO3 to effectively inhibit a broad spectrum of microorganisms on the burn wound including Staphylococcus species, some gram-negatives including Pseudomonas and some yeasts. However, the liberated free silver ions readily precipitate with chloride and any other negatively charged molecules, inactivating the silver, and creating inert silver salts. Consequently, silver ions do not penetrate deeply into the eschar and must be frequently replenished by keeping the gauze dressings on the wound continuously wet with the 0.5% AgNO3 solution. Furthermore, these silver salts stain everything that they contact, from the wounds to the dressings to the patients' bed linens and room surfaces, with a brown-black residue. Poor eschar penetration and labor intensiveness are considered the main drawbacks of AgNO3. Also, the margin between silver nitrate's antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity is narrow; Moyer recognized that a 1% concentration of AgNO3 harmed re-epithelialization of partial-thickness burns .

Bacterial conversion of nitrate to nitrite may rarely lead to methemoglobinemia . Many topical antimicrobial agents are cytotoxic to keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and as such have the potential to delay wound healing . In practical terms, among more superficial burns that are expected to heal on their own, it is more important to strike this balance. In these burns the goal is healing within 2–3 weeks of injury to reduce the likelihood of hypertrophic scarring .

Mafenide acetate 0.5% cream is a methylated topical sulfonamide compound. Since topical mafenide acetate cream can be used without dressings, so it allows open burn wound therapy and regular examination of the burn wound surface . Mafenide was introduced prior to silver sulfadiazine and was widely used for the treatment of burns. A 5% solution must be applied to saturate gauze dressings.

The solution appears to be as effective as the cream preparation when used in this way . This agent should be used in combination with nystatin to prevent this complication due to its limited antifungal activity . Neosporin + Burn Relief Dual Action Ointment is an antibiotic ointment that provides infection protection and helps soothe minor burn pain.

Formulated for first aid wound treatment, it contains bacitracin zinc, neomycin sulfate, and polymyxin B sulfate for antibiotic care of minor burns and wounds. The topical analgesic ointment is also formulated with pramoxine hydrochloride to help soothe and reduce burn pain for maximum-strength relief. From the #1 doctor-recommended brand, this antibiotic and pain relief ointment provides maximum strength relief without any sting forburn treatment, including cooking burns. Neosporin + Burn Relief Dual Action Ointment is a wound care essential to include in any burn care first-aid kit. Although early debridement and closure are strongly recommended for deep dermal and full-thickness burns, there are situations where early surgical excision cannot be performed.

Under these circumstances, the application of cerium nitrate , a salt compound of the rare earth element cerium, to these wounds may be beneficial. The first is that application turns burn eschar into a dry, hard, and adherent "shell" that protects the underlying wound from bacterial invasion. Eventually, when surgical excision of this cerium-hardened eschar is performed, the underlying granulation tissue is typically clean and suitable for grafting upon.

The second effect is that cerium binds and inactivates the release of lipid protein complex which is a pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive toxin produced when heat polymerizes skin proteins . However, older literature has found conflicting results with respect to CN's effects on mortality . As discussed above, the use of silver fell into disuse with the advent of antibiotics. The renewed interest in silver comes as a consequence of the rapid development of bacterial resistance. In the 1970s, Fox decided that it was unnecessary to choose between silver and antibiotics; he combined silver nitrate with the antibiotic sodium sulphadiazine. This formulation, known as silver sulfadiazine , benefits from the inhibitory effect of silver and the antibacterial action of sulphadiazine .

Silver sulfadiazine was initially formulated as an ointment, but was later incorporated into a hydrophilic cream . Although SSD remains the gold standard in topical burn treatment, recent studies indicate that SSD may delay wound healing. Cho Lee et al. found that epidermal growth factor could significantly counter the deleterious effects of SSD on wound healing, and concluded that future preparations of SSD may come coupled with EGF. Another problem associated with SSD remains bacterial resistance to the sulphadiazine component .

SSD-resistant Pseudomonal species have been reported; a patent was issued for a formulation to combat these species, a combination of SSD and sodium piperacillin . Other patents have been issued for various SSD delivery systems, including animal tissue dressings , water-dispersible hydrophilic carriers , and topical spray preparations . Widespread application of effective topical antimicrobial agents reduced the microbial load on the burn wound surface and reduced the risk of infection . Selection of topical antimicrobial therapy should be based on the agent's ability to inhibit the microorganisms recovered from burn wound surveillance cultures.

The chemical structures of the antibiotics that are particularly used for topical application in burns are shown in Fig. Current patents describe the potential applications of these agents for wound dressings, bio-membrane, and wound coating material, postoperative adherent and cosmetic material applications. Burn units may rotate the use of various topical antimicrobial preparations to decrease the development of antibiotic resistance . Due to the limited resources for the management of burns in most regions of Africa there is a significant role for many aspects of traditional African medicine. Carica papaya is currently used in The Gambia as the major component of burns dressings, where the pulp of the papaya fruit is mashed and applied daily to full-thickness and infected burns.

It appears to be effective in desloughing necrotic tissue, preventing burn wound infection, and providing a granulating wound suitable for the application of a split thickness skin graft. Possible mechanisms of action include the activity of proteolytic enzymes chymopapain and papain, as well as an antimicrobial activity. Mupirocin is a fermentation product of Pseudomonas fluorescens , which was a potent inhibitor against gram-positive skin flora such as coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus . Pharmaceutical compositions comprising mupirocin and chlorhexidine are of use in treating topical bacterial infections, in particular infected burn injuries .

Mupirocin has also increasingly been used as a burn wound topical agent in North America, where MRSA has become a problem . Various topical antibiotic preparations, including 1% silver sulfadiazine, 2% mupirocin, and 2% fusidic acid, were recently compared for their antibacterial effect in an MRSA-infected rat burn model . Therefore, hospitals where MRSA is a problem may rotate the use of topical mupirocin in combination with these other agents to decrease the development of resistance. All burn wounds in children are initially treated by cleansing of the wound followed by application of a topical antimicrobial agent. The choice of an agent is complicated by the wide variety of products that are available.

In all cases, the goal is to achieve a stable healed wound within 2–3 weeks of injury. Since superficial burns have a preserved blood supply and perfusion through much of the dermis, they typically will become colonized but less frequently develop invasive burn wound infections. In contrast, deeper burns are covered by an avascular layer of moist and protein-rich dead skin , which fosters bacterial proliferation and invasion, leading to burn wound infection.

Furthermore, generalized immunosuppression associated with major burn injuries predisposes the patient to local burn wound infection. When bacteria in the eschar penetrate surrounding uninjured tissues and invade the bloodstream, fatal sepsis may result. Hence, there is an important need to suppress bacterial growth with topical agents, especially in deeper burns, to prevent invasive burn wound infection and its life-threatening consequences.

Antibiotic (an-ti-bahy-OT-ik) ointments or creams are often used to prevent or treat infections in patients with second-degree burns. Using these ointments may require the use of bandages. Your doctor can assist you in coordinating the dressing changes with your pain medication.

Dressings can be soaked off with water in a sink or shower. The skin and the burn wound should be washed gently with mild soap and rinsed well with tap water. Use a soft wash cloth or piece of gauze to gently remove old medications.

A small amount of bleeding is common with dressing changes. Your doctor will decide on the appropriate dressing and ointment. This will be based on the location of the burn, the need to control drainage, and your comfort. The medical uses of silver date back to at least the time of Hippocrates (the "father of modern medicine" ), who in his writings discussed silver's role in wound care. By the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, surgeons routinely used silver sutures to reduce the risk of postoperative inflammation and infection .

During World War I, soldiers used silver leaf to limit and treat battle wound infections . Silver fell into disuse around World War II due to the advent of antibiotics. Interest in the antimicrobial properties of silver was only reinvigorated in the year 1965 by Moyer who published a paper on silver nitrate's antibacterial effects . Today, silver has reemerged as a clinical treatment for the prevention and treatment of infections encountered in wounds, ulcers, and burns .

An antibiotic ointment contains an antibiotic within a water-in-oil emulsion where the volume of oil exceeds that of the water. Thus, such ointments provide not only an antibacterial effect but also they create a moist wound healing environment. Hence, these agents are optimally suited for superficial burns where spontaneous healing is expected. While the spectrum of bacterial coverage tends to be limited, these agents are relatively free of complications. In general, the ointments are applied two to three times daily as a thick layer for moisture retention and then are covered with a non-adherent dressing layer followed by gauze .

Mostly they are soothing to apply, easier to clean off than creams such as SSD, and tend to be reasonably well tolerated by children. One problem with MA is its lack of antifungal activity. Addition of nystatin to MA is used to avoid fungal overgrowth with prolonged use of MA. Another disadvantage is that MA is painful on application, especially on more superficial wounds. To some extent, this problem has been reduced by using the 5 and 2.5% solutions . Like other topical antimicrobials, MA is cytotoxic to fibroblasts and keratinocytes and may impede wound healing.

In vitro studies suggest that concentrations as low as 0.1% are toxic to these cells . Another adverse effect is that MA is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and may cause severe metabolic acidemia with compensatory hyperventilation when it is repetitively applied to large surface areas. For this reason, mafenide acetate cream is usually reserved for smaller deep burns, or it is alternated with SSD on larger burns.

Acid-base disturbances were not seen with use of the 5% solution in a study of nearly 700 adult and pediatric burn patients . Finally, MA may occasionally cause a local rash or skin irritation . Third-degree and more severe burns damage both layers of the skin and may also damage the underlying bones, muscles, and tendons. Sometimes there is no pain because the nerve endings under the skin are destroyed.